GM Module Replacement Instructions
GM Module Replacement Instructions
Complete guide for PCM, ECM, and BCM replacement on GM vehicles
Auto101 OBD2 Interface
When the 30-minute procedure isn't enough, use the Auto101 App to perform V.T.D programming, IMMO relearn, SDM setup, and Crankshaft learn — all from your phone.
- V.T.D Programming — when 30-minute relearn fails
- IMMO Relearn — for Global A vehicles (2010+)
- SDM Setup — fix airbag light after BCM replacement
- Crankshaft Position Variation Learn (P0315/P1336)
- Bluetooth plug-and-play, iOS and Android
Interactive Guide
Use the interactive guide above for a step-by-step walkthrough
What Happens After Module Replacement?
After replacing a control module, your vehicle's security system needs to relearn communication with the new module. Here's what to expect:
PCM/ECM Replacement
When you replace the PCM/ECM:
- What happens: Engine will not start
- Error codes: P0513, P0633, P1631
- Required fix: Passlock security relearn procedure
Exception: Not needed if PCM/ECM ordered with disabled VATS
If ECM has IMMO: Requires key programmer, locksmith, or Auto101 GM Tool
Additional: May need Crankshaft Position Variation Learn (see below)
BCM Replacement (1999–2006)
When you replace the BCM on 1999–2006 models:
- Required: Passlock security relearn (30-minute procedure)
- Possible issue: Airbag light stays ON (code B1001)
- Fix: SDM relearn required to clear airbag light
BCM 2007+ / Fuse Box 2004+
When you replace BCM or Fuse Box on newer models:
- Required: Passlock security relearn (30-minute procedure)
- Possible issue #1: Airbag light stays ON (code B1001) → SDM relearn needed
- Possible issue #2: Brake/ABS/ESP lights stay ON → BPP sensor calibration needed
Important: Two Different Security Systems
GM uses two different security systems:
- VATS System: Uses 30-minute relearn procedure (older vehicles and non-Global A). If 30-minute procedure fails, V.T.D programming may be required.
- IMMO System: Requires programming tools (Global A vehicles — see list below)
Critical: The 30-minute procedure does NOT work on IMMO vehicles! You must use the correct procedure for your vehicle.
Step 1: Determine Your Security System
Check Your Vehicle
Look at the Global A vehicle list below to determine which system your vehicle uses.
If you FIND your vehicle and year in the list: Use IMMO system (except Savana/Express → use VATS)
If you DON'T find your vehicle or year: Use VATS system
Additional Exceptions:
Impala: 2014 to 2016 with new style, VIN fourth digit is 1 (Global A)
Silverado: 2014 all non Global A (except 1500 is Global A)
Sierra: 2014 all non Global A (except 1500 is Global A)
Buick
- Enclave (2018–2022)
- Encore (2013–2022)
- Envision (2017–2022)
- LaCrosse (2010–2019)
- Regal (2011–2020)
- Verano (2012–2018)
Cadillac
- ATS (2013–2019)
- CT6 (2016–2020)
- CTS (2014–2019)
- ELR (2014–2017)
- Escalade (2015–2020)
- SRX (2010–2016)
- XTS (2013–2019)
- XT4 (2019–2022)
- XT5 (2017–2022)
- XT6 (2020–2022)
Chevrolet
- Blazer (2019–2022)
- Camaro (2010–2022)
- Caprice PPV (2014–2017)
- City Express (2015–2018)
- Colorado (2015–2022)
- Corvette (2014–2019)
- Cruze (2010–2019)
- Equinox (2010–2022)
- Express (2014–2024) VATS
- Impala (2014–2022)
- Malibu (2013–2022)
- Silverado (2014–2022)
- Sonic (2012–2020)
- Spark (2013–2022)
- SS (2014–2017)
- Suburban (2015–2020)
- Tahoe (2015–2020)
- Traverse (2018–2022)
- Trax (2013–2022)
- Volt (2012–2019)
GMC
- Acadia (2017–2022)
- Canyon (2015–2022)
- Savana (2015–2024) VATS
- Sierra (2014–2022)
- Terrain (2010–2022)
- Yukon (2015–2020)
CRITICAL EXCEPTION
Chevrolet Express and GMC Savana (2014–2022) are listed in the Global A list above, BUT they use the VATS/V.T.D system, NOT IMMO!
Example: If you have a 2018 Savana, you'll find it in the list above, but you should still use VATS procedure!
Step 2: Choose Your Procedure
VATS System
Use this system if:
- Vehicle NOT in Global A list above
- Year NOT in Global A list above
- You have Express or Savana (2014–2022)
IMMO System
Use this system if:
- You FOUND your vehicle in Global A list above
- You FOUND your year in Global A list above
- You do NOT have Express or Savana
VATS System
For older GM vehicles, Non-Global A vehicles, and Express/Savana
When to use this procedure:
- After replacing PCM/ECM with VATS security system
- After replacing BCM
- Error codes: P0513, P0633, P1631
- Vehicle will not start after module replacement
Quick 10-Minute VATS Relearn Method
Fast guide for ECM/BCM/VATS module replacement
Watch this if: You want a quick overview and faster method
Requires: Scan tool to complete this procedure
Complete 30-Minute Procedure Walkthrough
Step-by-step visual guide for the full relearn process
Watch this if: You need detailed step-by-step instructions for the complete 30-minute procedure
30-Minute Learn Procedure (Passlock Security Relearn)
Preparation
Turn ON the ignition, with the engine OFF.
Complete These Steps
- Try to start: Attempt to start the engine, then release the key to ON position (the vehicle will not start)
- Watch SECURITY light: Observe the SECURITY light. After approximately 10 minutes, the security light will turn OFF
- Turn OFF: Turn OFF the ignition and wait 5 seconds
- Repeat: Repeat steps 1 through 3 two more times for a total of 3 cycles / 30 minutes. The vehicle is now ready to relearn the Passlock Sensor Data Code
Important
The vehicle learns the Passlock Sensor Data Code on the next ignition switch transition from OFF to CRANK. You must turn the ignition OFF before attempting to start the vehicle.
Final Steps
- Start the engine: The vehicle has now learned the Passlock Sensor Data Code and/or password
- Clear codes: With a scan tool, clear any DTCs if needed. History DTCs will self-clear after 100 ignition cycles
If Security Light Doesn't Turn Off
If the security light doesn't turn off during the 30-minute procedure, your vehicle may need Vehicle Theft Deterrent (V.T.D) programming via GM SPS2 or our Auto101 GM Tool.
Critical Information
The 30-minute relearn procedure may NOT work on all GM vehicles!
If the 30-minute procedure fails, programming may be required:
- VATS vehicles (non-Global A): Vehicle Theft Deterrent (V.T.D) programming
- IMMO vehicles (Global A): Immobilizer System Component Programming (IMMO)
Both can be performed via:
- GM SPS2 Programming
- Professional Locksmith
- Key Programmer
- Auto101 GM Tool (Easiest option)
IMMO System
For Global A vehicles (except Express/Savana)
How to Re-Sync IMMO After Replacing ECM
IMMO Relearn (Key Programming)
Required Tools (Choose One)
- Auto101 GM Tool (Recommended — Easy & Fast) — Get it here
- Professional Key Programmer
- Locksmith Service
- GM SPS2 Programming
Procedure
- Connect programming tool to vehicle OBD port
- Follow tool instructions for IMMO relearn/key programming
- Test — verify vehicle starts normally with programmed key
Additional Required Procedures
Depending on your module replacement, you may need these additional procedures:
Scan Tool Required: This procedure requires a scan tool. Click here to get our scan tool.
Before You Start — Safety First
- Block drive wheels
- Set parking brake
- Apply and hold brake pedal
- Vehicle in Park or Neutral
- Cycle ignition from OFF to ON
- Start engine and let idle
- Turn A/C OFF
Procedure
- Install a scan tool and connect to OBD port
- Monitor the PCM/ECM for DTCs with the scan tool. If other DTCs are set (except DTC P0315/P1336), refer to the Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) list for the applicable DTC that is set
- On the scan tool, select the "Crankshaft Position (CKP) Variation Learn" procedure
- Follow the instructions on the scan tool to complete the learn procedure
Crankshaft Position Variation Learn Tutorial
Scan Tool Required: This procedure requires a scan tool with Module Setup capability. Get our scan tool here.
Important for Pre-2007 BCM: If you have code B1001 on a BCM manufactured before 2007, this procedure will NOT work. You must use GM SPS2 V.T.D programming or Auto101 GM Tool instead.
Procedure
- Turn key to ON (engine OFF)
- Connect scan tool to OBD port
- Navigate to Module Setup menu
- Perform "Setup SDM Primary Key in BCM" Special Function
- Clear all codes and verify no current faults are present
SDM/Airbag Setup Tutorial
Alternative Method for GMLAN BCMs
Brake Light Issue: You may notice the brake lights work in reverse — lights turn OFF when you press the brake pedal and turn ON when you release it. This calibration procedure will fix this issue and restore normal brake light operation.
Procedure
- Turn key to ON (engine OFF)
- Clear all DTCs before proceeding
- Use a scan tool to navigate to BCM → Configuration/Reset Function
- Perform "Brake Pedal Position Sensor Learn" procedure
- Clear all codes and verify no current faults are present
Important Notes & Troubleshooting
When 30-Minute Procedure Doesn't Work
Important: The 30-minute relearn procedure does not work on some GM vehicles. For these vehicles:
- VATS vehicles (non-Global A): May need Vehicle Theft Deterrent (V.T.D) programming via GM SPS2
- IMMO vehicles (Global A): Must use Immobilizer System Component Programming (IMMO) via GM SPS2
Both can also be programmed by a locksmith — or you can use our Auto101 GM Tool to complete the relearn easily.
Battery Requirement: Ensure battery voltage is at least 12V during the 30-minute procedure. A weak battery may cause the procedure to fail. Use a battery charger if needed to maintain proper voltage.
Security Light Won't Turn Off?
Solution: If the security light doesn't turn off during the 30-minute procedure, you may need V.T.D or IMMO programming via GM SPS2 or Auto101 GM Tool instead.
Global A Vehicles & IMMO System
Global A Vehicles (see list above) require IMMO relearn (key reprogramming). A key programmer, locksmith, or GM SPS2 will be needed to perform this relearn — or you can use our Auto101 GM Tool to complete the relearn easily and efficiently.
Vehicle Still Won't Start After 30-Minute Procedure?
Solution: Check the Global A vehicle list at the top of this page. If your vehicle and year are listed (except Express/Savana), you must use IMMO programming instead of the 30-minute procedure.
Not Sure Which System You Have?
Simple Rule: Check the Global A vehicle list at the top. If your exact vehicle and year are listed, use IMMO. If not listed, use VATS. Exception: Express and Savana always use VATS even though they're in the list.
Auto101 OBD2 Interface
Stop struggling with the 30-minute procedure. Do V.T.D, IMMO, SDM, and Crankshaft learn from your phone in minutes.
- V.T.D Programming — bypass failed 30-minute relearn
- IMMO Relearn — Global A vehicles 2010+
- SDM Setup — clear B1001 airbag code after BCM swap
- Crankshaft Variation Learn — P0315/P1336
- Also covers Ford PATS, Chrysler ETC, and more
Frequently Asked Questions
Read this before contacting support — find answers to common questions
General Questions
Follow these 3 simple steps:
- Check the Global A Vehicle List above
- Find your EXACT vehicle model AND year
- If found (except Express/Savana) → Use IMMO | If NOT found → Use VATS
Quick examples:
- 2018 Silverado? → In the list → Use IMMO
- 2012 Silverado? → NOT in list → Use VATS
- 2018 Savana? → In list BUT → Still use VATS (exception!)
Don't worry about the technical term. Just check the list:
- If you see your vehicle AND your year → You have Global A (use IMMO)
- If you DON'T see it → You don't have Global A (use VATS)
This is unusual. If it worked, great! But this typically means:
- Your PCM/ECM might not have IMMO code
- Or it was ordered with disabled VATS
Action: If the vehicle starts and runs normally, clear any remaining error codes with a scan tool.
30-Minute Procedure Questions
This means the 30-minute procedure didn't work. You have 2 options:
- Option 1 (Easiest): Use Auto101 GM Tool to program it
- Option 2: Take it to a locksmith or use GM SPS2 programming
Why didn't it work? Your vehicle may need V.T.D programming instead of the basic relearn.
YES! Very important:
- Turn key to ON position (don't start engine)
- Try to crank (it won't start — that's normal)
- Leave key in ON position while security light is on
- Engine stays OFF the entire 30 minutes
- Don't turn on radio, lights, or accessories
- Don't open doors during the 10-minute cycles
- Don't touch the key or steering wheel
- Just sit and wait, or wait outside the vehicle
You need to start over completely:
- Charge your battery to at least 12V
- Use a battery charger to maintain voltage during procedure
- Start the 30-minute procedure from Step 1 again
Pro Tip: Always use a battery charger during this procedure to prevent failure!
The relearn failed. You must:
- Turn OFF ignition and wait 5 seconds
- Start the entire 30-minute procedure over
- Remember: You MUST turn OFF ignition before attempting to start!
IMMO System Questions
You have 4 options:
- Auto101 GM Tool (Recommended — easiest for DIY)
- Professional key programmer
- Locksmith service
- GM SPS2 Programming (dealership tool)
Note: The 30-minute procedure does NOT work for IMMO vehicles!
Usually 10–20 minutes with the right tool:
- Connect tool to OBD port
- Follow on-screen instructions
- Program key(s) to new module
- Done!
Yes, you typically need to program at least 2 keys to the new module. Some tools may require all keys to be programmed.
Best Practice: Have all your keys with you when programming.
Error Code Questions
These are security-related codes. Follow the normal procedure:
- Check if your vehicle is in the Global A list
- Use IMMO if listed (except Express/Savana)
- Use VATS 30-minute if not listed
After completing the procedure, clear codes with a scan tool.
This happens after BCM replacement. Two options:
If BCM is 2007 or newer:
- Use scan tool to perform "Setup SDM Primary Key in BCM" (see Additional Procedures section)
If BCM is older than 2007:
- You need GM SPS2 V.T.D programming or Auto101 GM Tool
- The scan tool procedure won't work on pre-2007 BCMs
Yes, these codes mean you need Crankshaft Position Variation Learn:
- Use a scan tool (required)
- Follow the procedure in the Additional Procedures section
- Takes about 10–15 minutes
Can't skip this! Vehicle may run rough or not start properly without this procedure.
Brake & Light Issues
This is normal after BCM replacement (2007+). Easy fix:
- Use scan tool
- Navigate to BCM → Configuration/Reset Function
- Perform "Brake Pedal Position Sensor Learn"
- This fixes the reversed brake lights issue
See Additional Procedures section for detailed steps.
If you have Brake Pedal Position (BPP) sensor, you need calibration:
- Follow Brake Pedal Position Sensor Calibration in Additional Procedures section
- This is the same procedure that fixes reversed brake lights
- Requires scan tool
Battery & Power Questions
At least 12V during the entire procedure:
- Check voltage with multimeter or battery tester
- Use battery charger if voltage is low
- Weak battery = procedure will fail
Pro Tip: Connect a battery maintainer/charger during the 30-minute procedure.
- Battery charger = constant stable voltage (best option)
- Jumper cables = okay but less reliable
- Weak battery alone = procedure will fail
Specific Vehicle Questions
VATS! This is a critical exception:
- Express and Savana are listed in the Global A list
- BUT they still use VATS system, not IMMO
- Always use the 30-minute procedure for Express/Savana
- 2010 Silverado is NOT in the Global A list (list starts at 2014 for Silverado)
- Use VATS 30-minute procedure
- Terrain (2010–2022) is in the Global A list
- 2020 is within that range
- Use IMMO programming (not 30-minute procedure)
Troubleshooting
For VATS procedure — check:
- Did you complete all 3 cycles (30 minutes total)?
- Was battery voltage above 12V the entire time?
- Did you turn OFF ignition before trying to start?
- Is your vehicle actually a VATS vehicle? (Check the list again)
For IMMO procedure — check:
- Did programming complete successfully?
- Was key programming confirmed?
- Are you using the programmed key?
If all checks pass: Your vehicle may need professional programming via Auto101 GM Tool, locksmith, or GM SPS2.
A blinking security light usually means a communication issue:
- The module may not be properly installed
- There might be a wiring problem
Action: Check all module connections, verify correct module was installed, check for diagnostic codes with scan tool.
You can attempt it multiple times, but:
- If it fails 2–3 times, it's not going to work
- Your vehicle likely needs programming instead
- Don't waste time — move to Auto101 GM Tool or locksmith
Tool Questions
DON'T need scan tool for:
- Basic 30-minute VATS relearn
DO need scan tool for:
- IMMO programming
- Crankshaft Position Variation Learn (P0315/P1336)
- SDM Relearn (B1001 airbag code)
- Brake Pedal Position Sensor Calibration
- Clearing diagnostic codes
For basic code reading = Yes. For special procedures = No.
You need a scan tool with "Special Functions" or "Module Setup" capability. Cheap code readers can't perform relearn procedures.
Auto101 GM Tool supports all special functions listed on this page.
Safety & General
If the car starts and runs: Yes, it's safe to drive, but complete the relearn as soon as possible.
If the car won't start: Complete relearn first.
You can do it yourself if you're comfortable following step-by-step instructions and have the required tools.
When to call a professional:
- If the 30-minute procedure fails multiple times
- If you need IMMO programming but don't have tools
- If you get error codes you don't understand
Quick Reference
| Your Situation | System to Use | Expected Time |
|---|---|---|
| Replaced PCM on 2015+ Silverado | IMMO | 15 min + tool |
| Replaced PCM on 2010–2013 Silverado | VATS | 30 min |
| Replaced BCM, security light on | VATS | 30 min |
| Replaced BCM, airbag light on (B1001) | SDM Setup | 10 min + scan tool |
| Code P0315 or P1336 | CKP Learn | 15 min + scan tool |
| Brake lights reversed | BPP Calibration | 10 min + scan tool |
| Express/Savana any year | VATS | 30 min |
| Security light won't turn off | Programming | 15 min + tool |
Final Checklist
Before You Start ANY Procedure:
- ☐ Battery is fully charged (12V minimum)
- ☐ Battery charger connected (recommended)
- ☐ Correct module installed
- ☐ All connections secure
- ☐ I know which procedure to use (VATS or IMMO)
- ☐ I have required tools ready
- ☐ I've read the instructions completely
- ☐ I have 30–60 minutes of uninterrupted time
- ☐ Vehicle is in safe location (parking brake, wheels blocked)
Remember
VATS = 30 minutes (no tools needed)
IMMO = 15 minutes (requires programming tool)
Battery voltage = 12V minimum (use charger!)
Express/Savana = Always VATS (never IMMO)
When in doubt = Check the Global A list again